Definition Static and Kinematic Indeterminacy – Beams, Trusses and Frames – Degree of Freedom– Equilibrium and Kinematic Stability – Principle of Superposition – Basic Methods of Structural Analysis. Energy methods – Castigliano’s theorem- Application to Statically determinate and indeterminacy (2 degree) - beams, trusses and frames.

Principle – Slope deflection equation- Concept of symmetry and anti symmetry - Application to continuous beams - portal frames with and without sway (single bay - Single storey).

Principle - Stiffness- Distribution Factor and carryover moments – Application to continuous beams - portal frames with and without sway (single bay - Single storey).

Influence lines for reaction, bending moment and shear force diagrams for simply supported beams – Point load - UDL shorter and longer than the span - Moving loads -Maximum moment -Shear - Absolute maximum forces - series of concentrated loads and UDL in beams. Muller Breslau’s principle – Influence lines for continuous beams – concept of rolling loads for bridges

Analysis of plane truss with one or two redundant - trusses with lack of fit - Thermal stresses - Settlement of supports - Trussed beams. (Cantilever Method)