Functions of Packaging, Packaging of foods, requirement, importance and scope, environmental considerations. Flexible packaging materials - Plastic packaging - types of polymers in food packaging and their barrier properties – Manufacturing types. Paper and paper board - characteristics - packaging - manufacture process - modification of barrier properties - Corrugated fiberboard boxes, Relative advantages and disadvantages of different packaging materials. Testing methods for flexible packaging materials

Metal cans, manufacture of two piece and three piece cans - Container designs - Raw materials for can- making – End-making processes - Easy-open ends – Coatings. Glass containers - types of glass in food Packaging - manufacture of glass and glass containers, closures for glass containers - effect of these materials on packed commodities. Testing methods for rigid materials and semi rigid materials.

CAP and MAP - novel gases - applications, shrink and cling packaging, vacuum packaging, Aseptic packaging – requirements - shallow and deep path sterilization of Aseptic packaging, Tetra packaging, Retort packaging – principles and application. Edible film packaging, Shrink and stretch packaging,

Active packaging - Controlled release packaging – process, structure, property and food variables, target release rate. Antimicrobial packaging - Natural non-toxic insect repellent packaging materials. Active nanocomposite packaging – free radical scavenging, oxygen scavenging and antimicrobial nanocomposites. Flavor release packaging – mechanism of flavor release, practical applications.

Smart and intelligent packaging – components and applications. Interactive packaging using internet, Smart Labeling - Labeling to detect changes in temperature, monitor freshness, changes in oxygen and carbon dioxide concentration. Shelf life studies - Shelf life models – constant and variable H2O and O2 driving forces. Advances in freshness and safety indicators in food packaging.